Cultural Self-Efficacy of Graduating Baccalaureate Nursing Students in a State Funded University in the Silicon Valley

The purpose of the study was to examine the level of cultural self-efficacy of graduating baccalaureate nursing students, who care for diverse populations, in a state funded university in the Silicon Valley, California. The level of cultural self-efficacy was measured using Bernal and Froman\u27s Cultural Self-Efficacy Scale (CSES). A convenience sample of 48 nursing students completed an 8-item demographic questionnaire and a 26-item CSES. The subjects of this study were found to have an increased level of cultural confidence in comparison with previous studies. This study suggests nurse educators continue to incorporate cultural concepts and skills in the nursing curriculum

Remarks on the Cryptographic Primitive of Attribute-based Encryption

Attribute-based encryption (ABE) which allows users to encrypt and decrypt messages based on user attributes is a type of one-to-many encryption. Unlike the conventional one-to-one encryption which has no intention to exclude any partners of the intended receiver from obtaining the plaintext, an ABE system tries to exclude some unintended recipients from obtaining the plaintext whether they are partners of some intended recipients. We remark that this requirement for ABE is very hard to meet. An ABE system cannot truly exclude some unintended recipients from decryption because some users can exchange their decryption keys in order to maximize their own interests. The flaw discounts the importance of the cryptographic primitive.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure

A Note on the Bellare-Rivest Protocol for Translucent Cryptography

We remark that the Bellare-Rivest protocol for translucent cryptography [J. Cryptology (1999) 12: 117-139] can not truly enable the government to decrypt partial encrypted communications